%--- PAGE DIMENSIONS \magnification=\magstep1 \voffset= 0.0 truein \hoffset=0.0 truein \vsize=9.0 truein \hsize=6.5 truein \parskip=5truept plus2truept \baselineskip 0.25 truein \raggedbottom %--- DEFINED FONTS \font\roman=cmr10 \font\medium=cmr10 scaled 1152 \font\bigbf=cmbx10 scaled\magstep5 %-----------% % SYMBOLS % %-----------% \def\ctrline#1{\centerline{#1}} \newbox\grsign \setbox\grsign=\hbox{$>$} \newdimen\grdimen \grdimen=\ht\grsign \newbox\simlessbox \newbox\simgreatbox \setbox\simgreatbox=\hbox{\raise.5ex\hbox{$>$}\llap {\lower.5ex\hbox{$\sim$}}}\ht1=\grdimen\dp1=0pt \setbox\simlessbox=\hbox{\raise.5ex\hbox{$<$}\llap {\lower.5ex\hbox{$\sim$}}}\ht2=\grdimen\dp2=0pt \def\simgreat{\mathrel{\copy\simgreatbox}} \def\simless{\mathrel{\copy\simlessbox}} \def\blankline{\par\vskip \baselineskip} \def\HII{\hbox{H\hskip 2trueptII }} \def\degns{\ifmmode^\circ\else$^\circ$\fi} \def\deg{\ifmmode^\circ\else$^\circ$\fi\ } \def\solar{\ifmmode_{\mathord\odot}\else$_{\mathord\odot}$\fi} \def\arcs{\char'175\ } \def\arcm{\char'023\ } \def\arcmm{.\llap{$^{\prime}$}} \def\kms{~km~s$^{-1}$\ } \def\app{$\approx$~} \def\eg{e.g.,\ } \def\ie{i.e.,\ } \def\etal{et~al.\ } \def\etalc{et~al.,\ } \def\res{\hangindent= 1.0 truein \hangafter -10 \noindent} \def\resa{\hangindent= 2.0 truein \hangafter -10 \noindent} \def\resb{\hangindent= 0.5 truein \hangafter -10 \noindent} \def\Received{\par\vskip 36 pt \ctrline{\it Received 1991 \vrule height -1 pt width 2.5 in depth 1.8 pt .}\par\blankline} \def\ABSTRACT{\par\vfil\eject\vbox to 1in{} \ctrline{\bf ABSTRACT} \par\vskip .5in \rm} \def\ADDRESS{\par\vfil\eject \section{\ctrline{AUTHORS' ADDRESSES}}\endsection \parindent=0pt \parskip=0pt \obeylines} % % MACROS.TEX contains generally useful macros, but not those specifically % useful for paper formats. % \newcount\figureno \newcount\tableno \figureno=0 \tableno=0 % \newbox\tablebox \newdimen\tablewidth % \def\smallformat{\hsize=5.5truein\hoffset=0.5truein \vsize=8truein\voffset=0.5truein\parskip=1pt} \def\largeformat{\hsize=6.5truein\hoffset=0.0truein \vsize=8.5truein\voffset=0.0truein} % \def\section#1 #2\par{\vskip .5cm \goodbreak \centerline{{\sr#1.\ #2}}\nobreak\medskip} \def\subsection#1 #2\par{\vskip .3cm \ifdim\lastskip=\medskipamount \nobreak \else\goodbreak\fi \centerline{{\it#1\/})\ {\it #2}}\nobreak\medskip} \def\subsubsection#1 #2\par{\vskip .3cm \ifdim\lastskip=\medskipamount \nobreak \else\goodbreak\fi \centerline{{\er#1)}\ {\si #2}}\nobreak\medskip} % \def\today{\number\day\space \ifcase\month\or January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi \space\number\year} % \def\deg{\ifmmode ^{\circ} \else $^{\circ}$\fi} \def\pdeg{\ifmmode $\setbox0=\hbox{$^{\circ}$}\rlap{\hskip.11\wd0 .}$^{\circ} \else \setbox0=\hbox{$^{\circ}$}\rlap{\hskip.11\wd0 .}$^{\circ}$\fi} % \def\arcs{\ifmmode {''}\else $''$\fi} \def\arcm{\ifmmode {'}\else $'$\fi} \newdimen\sa \newdimen\sb \def\parcs{\sa=.07em \sb=.03em \ifmmode $\rlap{.}$^{\scriptscriptstyle\prime\kern -\sb\prime}$\kern -\sa$ \else \rlap{.}$^{\scriptscriptstyle\prime\kern -\sb\prime}$\kern -\sa\fi} \def\parcm{\sa=.08em \sb=.03em \ifmmode $\rlap{.}\kern\sa$^{\scriptscriptstyle\prime}$\kern-\sb$ \else \rlap{.}\kern\sa$^{\scriptscriptstyle\prime}$\kern-\sb\fi} % \def\et{{\it et al.}\ } \def\exp#1 {\ifmmode \times 10^{#1} \else $\times 10^{#1}$\fi} \def\page{\vfill\eject} \def\leaderfil{\leaders\hbox to 5pt{\hss.\hss}\hfil} % %--------------% % REFERENCES % %--------------% \def\jref#1 #2 #3 #4 {{\par\noindent \hangindent=3em \hangafter=1 \advance \rightskip by 5em #1, {\it#2}, {\bf#3}, #4.\par}} \def\ref#1{{\par\noindent \hangindent=3em \hangafter=1 \advance \rightskip by 5em #1.\par}} %\def\refindent{\hangindent=1em \hangafter=1 \noindent} %\def\ref #1;#2;#3;#4\par{\refindent #1,{\it #2},{\bf #3},#4.\par} %\def\bref #1;#2;#3\par{\refindent #1, in{\it #2}, ed.#3.\par} %\def\vref #1\par{\refindent #1.\par} % % % % PMACROS are used for Ap. J. format % Revised version, with automatic footnote increment and caption and table % files. 2/03/86 % % \newif\iftform \newif\ifmform \newif\ifdraft \newcount\toes \toes=0 \newif\ifcapsopen \newif\iftabsopen \newwrite\caps % file \caps=figures.jnk is opened in first call to \figure \newwrite\tabs % file \tabs=tables.jnk is opened if first call to \table % \def\typeset{\tformtrue\mformfalse\parskip 1pt\hfuzz=3pt \hsize=5.5truein\vsize=8truein\hoffset=0.5truein\voffset=0.5truein} \def\manuscript{\tformfalse\mformtrue \hsize=6.5truein\vsize=8.5truein\hoffset=0.0truein\voffset=.25truein \twelvepoint\hyphenpenalty=300\exhyphenpenalty=300\raggedright} % \def\raggedright{\rightskip=0pt plus6em \spaceskip=.3333em \xspaceskip=.5em } \def\draft{\drafttrue} \def\drafthead{\ifdraft {\eightrm Draft \number\month /\number\day /\number\year} \fi} % \def\received{\vskip 2pt \centerline{{\it Received}\rcvrule;} \ifmform \runtitle \fi} \def\datereceived#1\par{\vskip 2pt \centerline{{\it Received #1; accepted\rcvrule}} \ifmform \runtitle \fi} \def\rcvrule{\hskip 4pt\vrule height 0pt width 90pt depth 1pt} \def\runtitle{\vskip 1in \centerline{{\it Running Title:}\quad\title}} \def\abstract "#1" "#2"{\ifmform \page\fi {\iftform \advance\leftskip by .25in \advance\rightskip by .25in\fi \vskip .7cm \centerline{ABSTRACT} \vskip .3cm #1 \vskip 1pt {\setbox3=\hbox{\it Subject headings:\quad} \hangindent=\wd3 \hangafter=1 \noindent \box3 #2 \par}} \ifmform \page\fi} \def\ajabstract "#1"{\ifmform \page\fi {\iftform \advance\leftskip by .25in \advance\rightskip by .25in\fi \vskip .7cm \centerline{ABSTRACT} \vskip .3cm #1} \ifmform \page\fi} % % %--- page numbers \pageno=1 \nopagenumbers \headline={\ifodd\pageno\rightheadline \else\leftheadline\fi} \def\rightheadline{\tenrm\hfil\folio} \def\leftheadline{\tenrm\folio\hfil} \def\tables{\ifmform \page\tableno=0 \immediate\closeout\tabs \input tables.jnk \fi} \def\figures{\ifmform \page\figureno=0 \centerline{FIGURE CAPTIONS}\vskip .7cm \immediate\closeout\caps \input figures.jnk \fi} \def\figure #1 {\advance\figureno by 1 \ifmform \ifcapsopen\relax \else\immediate\openout\caps=figures.jnk\capsopentrue\fi \vskip .7cm \centerline{FIGURE \number\figureno} \vskip .7cm \immediate\write\caps{\string\efigure}\copytoblankline \fi% \iftform \eightpoint \ifdim#1>7.995in \pageinsert\vskip 0pt plus 16000fill F{\sc IG} \number\figureno .---\readtoblankline \fi \ifdim#1<7.995in \midinsert\vskip #1 F{\sc IG} \number\figureno .---\readtoblankline \fi \fi} % \def\etable #1\par{\advance\tableno by 1 \ifmform \vfill{\eightpoint\input #1 }\page \fi} \def\efigure #1\par{\advance\figureno by 1 \ifmform F{\sr IG} \number\figureno .---#1\par\fi} % %\outer\def\copytab #1{\begingroup%\setupcopy % \immediate\write\tabs{\string\etable \space#1\string\par}\endgroup} % \def\readtoblankline{\obeylines\readcap} {\obeylines \gdef\readcap#1 {\def\next{#1}% \ifx\next\empty\let\next=\endread % \else\next\space \let\next=\readcap\fi\next}} \def\endread{\vfil\endinsert\tenpoint} % \def\copytoblankline{\begingroup\setupcopy\copycap} {\obeylines \gdef\copycap#1 {\def\next{#1}% \ifx\next\empty\let\next=\endcopy % \else\immediate\write\caps{\next} \let\next=\copycap\fi\next}} \def\endcopy{\endgroup\immediate\write\caps{\string\par}} % \chardef\other=12 \def\setupcopy{\def\do##1{\catcode`##1=\other}\dospecials \catcode`\|=\other \obeylines} \gdef\copyit#1{\immediate\write\caps{#1\string\par}} % % \def\references{\ifmform \page \else \vskip 1.2cm \goodbreak \fi \centerline{{\sr REFERENCES}}\nobreak\medskip \iftform \begingroup\eightpoint\fi} \def\endreferences{\iftform \endgroup\fi} \def\addresses{\ifmform \page \centerline{AUTHOR'S ADDRESSES}\vskip 8pt\noindent\fi \iftform \vskip 2cm minus 1cm \begingroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=3pt\fi} \def\endaddresses{\iftform \endgroup\fi} % \def\foot#1{\advance\toes by 1 \ifmform $^{\number\toes}$\vadjust{ \kern\baselineskip\hrule\vskip 7pt\noindent$^{\number\toes}$ #1 \vskip 7pt\hrule\vskip\baselineskip} \else{\eightpoint \unskip\unskip\unskip\unskip\unskip\footnote{$^{\number\toes}$}{#1}}\fi} \def\specialfoot#1#2{ \ifmform $^{#1}$\vadjust{ \kern\baselineskip\hrule\vskip 7pt\noindent$^{#1}$ #2 \vskip 7pt\hrule\vskip\baselineskip} \else{\eightpoint \unskip\unskip\unskip\unskip\unskip\footnote{$^{#1}$}{#2}}\fi} \def\boxit#1{\vbox{\hrule\hbox{\vrule\hskip 6pt \vbox{\vskip 6pt #1 \vskip 6pt}\hskip 6pt\vrule}\hrule}} \def\preprint#1{\setbox4=\vbox{\hsize 4truein \noindent \strut This is a preprint of a manuscript submitted to {\it #1}. No bibliographic reference should be made to this preprint. Permission to cite material in this paper must be received from the authors.\strut\par} \centerline{\boxit{\box4}}} \def\accepted#1{\setbox4=\vbox{\hsize 4truein \noindent \strut This is a preprint of a manuscript accepted for publication in {\it #1}. \strut\par} \centerline{\boxit{\box4}}} % % RIKMAC My personal macros %-------------% % PAGE SIZE % %-------------% \def\setpage{ \hsize=6.5 truein \vsize=8.8 truein} \def\expand{ \advance \hsize by +0.1 true in \advance \hoffset by -0.05 true in \advance \vsize by +0.1 true in \advance \voffset by -0.05 true in} \def\contract{ \advance \hsize by -0.1 true in \advance \hoffset by +0.05 true in \advance \vsize by -0.1 true in \advance \voffset by +0.05 true in} %--------------------------------% % GENERALLY USEFUL DEFINITIONS % %--------------------------------% \def\ricks{\parindent=0.5 truein \hfuzz=10pt \hyphenpenalty=500 \tolerance=1200 \hbadness=1200} \def\undertext#1{$\underline{\smash{\vphantom{#1}\hbox{#1}}}$} \def\oneskip{\vskip\baselineskip} \def\singlespace{\baselineskip 12pt \lineskip 2pt \parskip 12pt plus 1pt} \def\mediumspace{\baselineskip 18pt \lineskip 6pt \parskip 18pt plus 6pt} \def\doublespace{\baselineskip 24pt \lineskip 10pt \parskip 24pt plus 10pt} \def\clock{\count0=\time \divide\count0 by 60 \count1=\count0 \multiply\count1 by -60 \advance\count1 by \time \number\count0:\ifnum\count1<10{0\number\count1}\else\number\count1\fi} %-----------% % SYMBOLS % %-----------% \def\deg{\ifmmode^\circ\else$^\circ$\fi} \def\solar{\ifmmode_{\mathord\odot}\else$_{\mathord\odot}$\fi} \def\er{\relax} \def\sr{\relax} \def\ls{{_<\atop^{\sim}}} \def\gs{{_>\atop^{\sim}}} \def\mic{~$\mu$m} %----------------------------------% % INCREMENTAL EQUATION NUMBERING % %----------------------------------% \newcount\eqnum \def\nexteq{\global\advance\eqnum by1 \eqno(\number\eqnum)} \def\lasteq#1{\if)#1[\number\eqnum]\else(\number\eqnum)\fi#1} \def\preveq#1#2{{\advance\eqnum by-#1 \if)#2[\number\eqnum]\else(\number\eqnum)\fi}#2} \def\page{\vfill\eject} \def\etal{\it et al. \rm } \def\pagenumbers{\footline={\hss\tenrm\folio\hss}} %----------% % TABLES % %----------% \def\endtable{\endgroup} \def\tableheight{\vrule width 0pt height 8.5pt depth 3.5pt} {\catcode`|=\active \catcode`&=\active \gdef\tabledelim{\catcode`|=\active \let|=\vbar \catcode`&=\active \let&=\nobar} } \def\table{\begingroup \def\twidth{\hsize} \def\tablewidth##1{\def\twidth{##1}} \def\defaultheight{\vrule width 0pt height 8.5pt depth 3.5pt} \def\heightdepth##1{\dimen0=##1 \ifdim\dimen0>5pt \divide\dimen0 by 2 \advance\dimen0 by 2.5pt \dimen1=\dimen0 \advance\dimen1 by -5pt \vrule width 0pt height \the\dimen0 depth \the\dimen1 \else \divide\dimen0 by 2 \vrule width 0pt height \the\dimen0 depth \the\dimen0 \fi} \def\spacing##1{\def\defaultheight{\heightdepth{##1}}} \def\nextheight##1{\noalign{\gdef\tableheight{\heightdepth{##1}}}} \def\end{\cr\noalign{\gdef\tableheight{\defaultheight}}} \def\zerowidth##1{\omit\hidewidth ##1 \hidewidth} \def\hline{\noalign{\hrule}} \def\skip##1{\noalign{\vskip##1}} \def\bskip##1{\noalign{\hbox to \twidth{\vrule height##1 depth 0pt \hfil \vrule height##1 depth 0pt}}} \def\header##1{\noalign{\hbox to \twidth{\hfil ##1 \unskip\hfil}}} \def\bheader##1{\noalign{\hbox to \twidth{\vrule\hfil ##1 \unskip\hfil\vrule}}} \def\spanloop{\span\omit \advance\mscount by -1} \def\extend##1##2{\omit \mscount=##1 \multiply\mscount by 2 \advance\mscount by -1 \loop\ifnum\mscount>1 \spanloop\repeat \ \hfil ##2 \unskip\hfil} \def\vbar{&\vrule&} \def\nobar{&&} \def\hdash##1{ \noalign{ \relax \gdef\tableheight{\heightdepth{0pt}} \toks0={} \count0=1 \count1=0 \putout##1\end \toks0=\expandafter{\the\toks0 &\end} \xdef\piggy{\the\toks0} } \piggy} \let\e=\expandafter \def\putspace{\ifnum\count0>1 \advance\count0 by -1 \toks0=\e\e\e{\the\e\toks0\e&\e\multispan\e{\the\count0}\hfill} \fi \count0=0 } \def\putrule{\ifnum\count1>0 \advance\count1 by 1 \toks0=\e\e\e{\the\e\toks0\e&\e\multispan\e{\the\count1}\leaders\hrule\hfill} \fi \count1=0 } \def\putout##1{\ifx##1\end \putspace \putrule \let\next=\relax \else \let\next=\putout \ifx##1- \advance\count1 by 2 \putspace \else \advance\count0 by 2 \putrule \fi \fi \next} } \def\tablespec#1{ \def\vdimens{\noexpand\tableheight} \def\tabby{\tabskip=0pt plus100pt minus100pt} \def\r{&################\tabby&\hfil################\unskip} \def\c{&################\tabby&\hfil################\unskip\hfil} \def\l{&################\tabby&################\unskip\hfil} \edef\templ{\noexpand\vdimens ########\unskip #1 \unskip&########\tabskip=0pt&########\cr} \tabledelim \edef\body##1{ \vbox{ \tabskip=0pt \offinterlineskip \halign to \twidth {\templ ##1}}} }